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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 7, 2025

On-chip Isotachophoresis for Separation of Ions and Purification of Nucleic Acids
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Isotachophoresis: Theory and Microfluidic Applications.

Ashwin Ramachandran1, Juan G Santiago2

  • 1Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.

Chemical Reviews
|June 22, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Isotachophoresis (ITP) is a versatile electrophoretic technique. This review provides a rigorous analysis of ITP theory and applications, especially for microfluidic systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Isotachophoresis (ITP) is a long-established electrophoretic technique with diverse applications.
  • Recent advancements have increased its adoption in microfluidics for on-chip assays.
  • A need exists for a clear, comprehensive review of ITP theory and analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a succinct and rigorous review of Isotachophoresis (ITP) theory and analysis.
  • To bridge the gap between fundamental principles and practical microfluidic applications.
  • To facilitate wider adoption of ITP in microfluidic systems.

Main Methods:

  • Review of physicochemical first-principles governing ITP.
  • Discussion of steady and unsteady transport dynamics.

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Last Updated: Sep 7, 2025

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  • Integration of theoretical concepts with microfluidic applications.

    • Main Results:

    • Detailed explanation of ITP focusing for electrolytes and transport dynamics.
    • Overview of simulation, experimental, and detection methods for ITP.
    • Exploration of ITP applications in microfluidic separations and trace analyte manipulation.

    Conclusions:

    • ITP principles are fundamental to its application in microfluidics.
    • The review aims to enhance accessibility of ITP analysis and design.
    • Further research can expand ITP's role in microfluidic biochemical analyses.