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Smog and risk of maternal and fetal birth outcomes: A retrospective study in Baoding, China

Yijing Zhai1, Bei Wang1, Liqiang Qin2

  • 1Department of Nutrition, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China.

Open Medicine (Warsaw, Poland)
|June 23, 2022
PubMed

Pregnant women are more susceptible to smog pollution than the general population. This study focused on the association between smog and birth outcomes, considering both pregnant mothers and their offspring. In this retrospective study, conducted in Baoding between 2013 and 2016, we enrolled 842 participants. Birth outcomes were low birth weight (LBW), pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and premature rupture of membranes (PROM). The overall prevalence of LBW, PIH, GDM, and PROM was 8.2%, 14.8%, 16.5%, and 12.1%, respectively. Compared with lower pollution level, higher pollution level of fine particulate matter (particulate matter with aerodynamics diameter <2.5 μm) (PM2.5), inhalable particle (particulate matter with aerodynamics diameter <10 μm) (PM10), and CO increased the risk of term with LBW. PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 increased the risk of PIH during different trimesters, while PM10 increased the risk of PROM during trimester 3. In conclusion, smog significantly affects the risk of adverse birth outcomes by different exposure time windows.

Keywords:
gestational diabetes mellituslow birth weightpregnancy-induced hypertensionpremature rupture of membranessmog

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