Flavonoids with antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activity from corn silk (Stigma maydis)

Corn silk (Stigma maydis), being the styles and stigmas of maize, is a famous traditional medicine and functional tea in China. Research into the chemical composition of corn silk led to the identification of an unreported flavone (1, silkone A), accompanying with three known flavonoids (2-4). And their structures were elucidated through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis. Each obtained compound was evaluated for antioxidant capacity by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. As a result, all tested compounds exhibited stronger radicals scavenging activities than Trolox in ABTS radical assay and displayed relatively weak antioxidant capacity in the other two experiments. Tyrosinase inhibitory activities of compounds 1-4 were also investigated, and compounds 3 and 4 demonstrated moderate inhibitory activities to tyrosinase with IC₅₀ values of 0.49 and 0.21 mM, respectively, which was further investigated through molecular docking calculation. These results may contribute to the development of novel antioxidants and tyrosinase inhibitors from corn silk.