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Complement Factor H and Related Proteins as Markers of Cardiovascular Risk in Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease

Wei-Ting Liao1, Wei-Ling Chen1, You-Lin Tain1,2

  • 1Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.

Biomedicines
|June 24, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Complement factor H (CFH) and related proteins like CFHR2 and CFHR3 are linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). These biomarkers may help identify CVD risk in pediatric CKD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • Hypertension is a significant risk factor for CVD in this population.
  • Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are primary causes of pediatric CKD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between complement factor H (CFH) and related proteins (CFHR2, CFHR3) and CVD risk in children with CKD.
  • To determine if these proteins can differentiate CVD risk based on CKD etiology (CAKUT vs. non-CAKUT).

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 102 children (aged 6-18 years) with CKD.
  • Assessed CVD risk factors using 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), cardiosonography, and arterial stiffness.
  • Measured plasma levels of CFH, CFHR2, and CFHR3.

Main Results:

  • Higher plasma CFHR3 levels were observed in the non-CAKUT group compared to the CAKUT group (p=0.046).
  • CFHR3 showed a negative correlation with left ventricular (LV) mass (p=0.009).
  • Elevated CFHR2 levels were associated with 24-hour hypertension (p<0.05), while lower CFHR3 levels were linked to daytime hypertension and increased BP load in non-CAKUT CKD children.

Conclusions:

  • CFH and related proteins (CFHR2, CFHR3) play a role in cardiovascular risk among children with CKD.
  • These proteins may serve as potential biomarkers for early CVD risk assessment in pediatric CKD patients.
  • Differential expression of CFHR3 may help distinguish CVD risk in children with different CKD etiologies.

Keywords:
cardiovascular diseasechildrenchronic kidney diseasecomplement factor Hcomplement factor H-related proteincongenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tracthypertension

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