RNAi as a Foliar Spray: Efficiency and Challenges to Field Applications

Area of Science:

• Agricultural Science
• Molecular Biology
• Entomology

Background:

• RNA interference (RNAi) is a key technology for crop protection against pests and pathogens.
• Spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS) offers a safe, non-transgenic method using double-stranded RNA (dsRNA).
• SIGS efficacy is limited by dsRNA uptake and movement within plant tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current knowledge on dsRNA uptake and translocation in plants following foliar application.
• To identify barriers hindering dsRNA entry and movement within plant tissues.
• To explore strategies for overcoming these barriers to enhance SIGS efficacy.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on dsRNA uptake, translocation, and barriers in plants.
• Analysis of plant morphological and environmental factors affecting dsRNA delivery.
• Identification of methods to improve dsRNA penetration and systemic movement.

Main Results:

• dsRNA uptake varies significantly, with systemic movement crucial for targeting internal pests and pathogens.
• Leaf surface properties, cellular barriers, and environmental conditions impede dsRNA delivery.
• Strategies to enhance dsRNA uptake and translocation are being developed.

Conclusions:

• Understanding dsRNA-plant interactions is essential for optimizing SIGS applications.
• Overcoming uptake barriers will broaden the utility of SIGS for sustainable agriculture.
• Further research into dsRNA delivery mechanisms is critical for advancing RNAi-based crop protection.