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Updated: Sep 6, 2025

Functional Characterization of RING-Type E3 Ubiquitin Ligases In Vitro and In Planta
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Endosomally Localized RGLG-Type E3 RING-Finger Ligases Modulate Sorting of Ubiquitylation-Mimic PIN2.

Katarzyna Retzer1, Jeanette Moulinier-Anzola1, Rebecca Lugsteiner1

  • 1Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|June 24, 2022
PubMed
Summary

RING DOMAIN LIGASE (RGLG) proteins are crucial for plant plasma membrane protein sorting. This study shows RGLG1

Keywords:
plasma membrane proteinprotein stabilityubiquitin E3 ligase

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Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • Cellular trafficking and signaling

Background:

  • Plant plasma membrane proteins are essential for environmental sensing and response.
  • Ubiquitylation, mediated by E3 ubiquitin ligases like RING DOMAIN LIGASE (RGLG) family members, controls protein localization.
  • RGLGs are implicated in lysine 63-linked polyubiquitin chain formation, a signal for endocytic sorting, but their direct role in plasma membrane protein sorting remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of RGLGs in the intracellular sorting of plant plasma membrane proteins.
  • To elucidate the function of RGLG1 in trafficking between the plasma membrane and endosomal compartments.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized RGLG1 reporter proteins to track protein localization.
  • Assessed plasma membrane protein localization in a rglg1 rglg2 loss-of-function mutant.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a role for RGLGs in cargo trafficking between plasma membrane and endosomal compartments.
  • Revealed that RGLG1 association with endosomal sorting compartments is essential for plant morphogenesis.
  • Provided direct evidence for RGLG involvement in ubiquitylation-controlled intracellular sorting.

Conclusions:

  • RGLGs play a vital role in regulating plant plasma membrane protein sorting.
  • RGLG1's interaction with endosomal compartments is critical for plant development.
  • Ubiquitylation-mediated protein sorting is fundamental for plant morphogenesis.