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Gastrointestinal Involvement in SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Tsung-Hsien Chen1, Ming-Tse Hsu2, Ming-Yang Lee1,3,4
1Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 60002, Taiwan.
Viruses
|June 24, 2022
Summary
The SARS-CoV-2 virus impacts the digestive tract, influencing gut health and potentially increasing COVID-19 severity. Maintaining gut microbiota and developing oral vaccines may aid in controlling outbreaks.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Microbiome Research
Background:
- SARS-CoV-2 primarily causes mild or asymptomatic disease, complicating transmission control.
- The virus infects both the respiratory and digestive tracts, with gastrointestinal symptoms sometimes preceding respiratory ones.
- Intestinal inflammation and immune impairment are linked to respiratory infections, affecting lung immunity via cytokine signaling.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review gastrointestinal complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- To explore the gastrointestinal-lung axis immune response.
- To discuss strategies including oral vaccines and gut microbiota maintenance for COVID-19 control.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on SARS-CoV-2 and the gastrointestinal system.
- Analysis of the immune interplay between the gut and lungs.
- Examination of potential therapeutic and preventative strategies.
Main Results:
- SARS-CoV-2 infection affects the digestive tract, contributing to systemic immune responses.
- The gastrointestinal microbiome is implicated as a factor in infection risk and disease severity.
- Cytokine release from inflamed intestines can modulate lung immunity.
Conclusions:
- The gut microbiome represents a potential target for managing SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity.
- Oral vaccine candidates and gut microbiota homeostasis are promising strategies for early COVID-19 outbreak control.
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