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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Creep01:28

Factors Affecting Creep

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In normal-weight aggregate concrete, the hardened cement paste is the primary contributor to creep, whereas the aggregates, being stiffer than the cement paste, are more resilient to stress-induced deformation. The stiffness of the aggregates is defined by their modulus of elasticity, and the more voluminous they are in the concrete, the less it will creep.
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Creep in Concrete01:22

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Creep refers to the time-dependent increase in strain under a sustained load, excluding other time-dependent deformations associated with shrinkage, swelling, and thermal expansion in concrete. The primary mechanism behind creep involves the loss of physically adsorbed water from the calcium silicate hydrate within the hydrated cement paste. This process is further exacerbated by concrete's non-linear stress-strain relationship, microcrack development in the interfacial transition zone, and...
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Effects of Creep01:25

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Creep in concrete, the gradual deformation under prolonged stress, significantly impacts the integrity of structures. For reinforced concrete beams, it can be a vital design consideration, as it increases deflection, sometimes necessitating additional design measures. In columns, especially slender ones under eccentric loads, creep can cause buckling, compromising their stability. However, creep can be beneficial in indeterminate structures by mitigating stresses that arise from shrinkage,...
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Conservation of Mass in Moving, Nondeforming Control Volume01:14

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Stormwater detention basins are essential in managing runoff during heavy rainfall, particularly in urban areas where impervious surfaces increase the risk of flooding. Understanding the conservation of mass in these systems allows engineers to optimize basin performance, balancing inflow, outflow, and water storage.
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The principle of conservation of mass is fundamental in fluid dynamics and is crucial for analyzing flow within fixed control volumes, such as pipes or ducts. This principle states that the total mass within a control volume remains constant unless altered by the inflow or outflow of mass through the control surfaces. This results in a vital relationship for steady, incompressible flow where the mass entering a system equals the mass leaving it.
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Newton's first law of motion states that a body at rest remains at rest, or if in motion, remains in motion at constant velocity, unless acted on by a net external force. It also states that there must be a cause for any change in velocity (a change in either magnitude or direction) to occur. This cause is a net external force. For example, consider what happens to an object sliding along a rough horizontal surface. The object quickly grinds to a halt, due to the net force of friction. If...
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Creep Control in Soft Particle Packings.

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|June 24, 2022
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This study reveals that granular packing creep, a slow deformation in soft solids, follows a power law and is controlled by stress and hydrogel concentration. These findings offer insights into soft material mechanics and potential creep control.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Rheology

Background:

  • Granular packings exhibit complex mechanical behaviors, including creep, which is the slow deformation of materials under sustained stress.
  • Creep is a common phenomenon in amorphous materials like metals and polymers, but its understanding in granular systems remains challenging.
  • Probing and controlling creep dynamics in granular materials are crucial for various scientific and engineering applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the creep properties of soft sphere granular packings.
  • To understand the relationship between creep dynamics, applied stress, and material composition (hydrogel concentration).
  • To establish scaling laws for granular creep and explore potential control mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a sinking ball viscometer to probe creep properties in granular packings of soft spheres.
  • Systematically varied applied stress and hydrogel concentration to observe their effects on creep behavior.
  • Analyzed deformation data to determine the strain dependence and dynamics of creep.

Main Results:

  • Observed that creep in granular packings persists up to large strains and exhibits a power law form with diffusive dynamics.
  • Found that creep amplitude is exponentially dependent on both applied stress and hydrogel concentration.
  • Identified a competition between driving forces (stress) and confinement (hydrogel) as key determinants of creep dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides critical insights into the mechanical properties of soft solids and granular creep.
  • The derived scaling laws serve as a benchmark for theoretical models explaining creep phenomena.
  • Results suggest the potential for controlling granular creep through boundary stress manipulation.