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Emotion Appraisals and Coping with Secrets.

Zaijia Liu1, Elise K Kalokerinos2, Michael L Slepian1

  • 1Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.

Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin
|June 24, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Keeping secrets can harm well-being, especially when shame is involved. Shifting focus away from shame improves coping efficacy and boosts overall well-being.

Keywords:
appraisalcopingemotionsecrecy

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Emotional Well-being

Background:

  • Secrecy is a common human experience with significant consequences.
  • Personal rumination on secrets, not just concealment, may drive negative impacts.
  • Emotions like shame and guilt are linked to secrecy and may explain its harms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between emotions (shame, guilt) and the harms of secrecy.
  • To explore whether shame mediates the link between secrecy and well-being.
  • To test interventions aimed at reducing shame to improve coping with secrets.

Main Methods:

  • Four studies were conducted with 800 participants who collectively kept over 10,500 secrets.
  • Participants' experiences with secrets, associated emotions, coping efficacy, and well-being were assessed.
  • Interventions focused on shifting appraisals away from shame were implemented in some studies.

Main Results:

  • Shame associated with a secret was significantly linked to lower perceived coping efficacy.
  • Lower coping efficacy, in turn, was associated with reduced overall well-being.
  • Shifting appraisals away from shame led to improved perceptions of coping efficacy.
  • Improved coping efficacy was positively correlated with higher well-being.

Conclusions:

  • Emotions surrounding secrets, particularly shame, can negatively impact psychological well-being.
  • Interventions targeting shame reduction show promise for improving coping strategies and enhancing well-being in individuals keeping secrets.
  • Understanding the emotional landscape of secrecy is crucial for developing effective support mechanisms.