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A laser parameter study on enhancing proton generation from microtube foil targets.

Joseph Strehlow1, Joohwan Kim2, Mathieu Bailly-Grandvaux2

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Structured targets significantly boost proton acceleration using intense lasers. Microtube targets enhanced proton energy by 50% and yield by 8x, but high laser intensity and prepulses reduced effectiveness.

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Area of Science:

  • Laser-plasma interactions
  • Ion acceleration physics

Background:

  • Intense lasers interacting with solid targets generate high electric fields, accelerating ions to MeV energies.
  • The target normal sheath acceleration (TNSA) regime is a key mechanism for ion acceleration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the enhancement of proton acceleration using structured targets compared to flat foils.
  • To determine the optimal laser parameters for microtube-enhanced proton acceleration.
  • To understand the role of laser prepulses and preplasma in microtube performance.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental comparison of proton acceleration from flat silver (Ag) foils and 3D printed microtube targets at the Texas Petawatt Laser facility.
  • Systematic study of laser pulse length (140-450 fs) and intensity ((4-10) x 10^18 W/cm^2).
  • 2D particle-in-cell simulations with and without preplasma to model laser-target coupling.

Main Results:

  • Microtube targets increased proton cutoff energy by 50% and the yield of >3 MeV protons by 8-fold under optimal conditions (140 fs, 4 x 10^18 W/cm^2).
  • High laser intensity (>= 10^19 W/cm^2) led to preplasma formation that damped the microtube performance.
  • Simulations confirmed experimental findings, highlighting the necessity of including preplasma effects at high intensities.

Conclusions:

  • 3D printed microtube targets offer a significant enhancement for proton acceleration in the TNSA regime.
  • Laser prepulses and resulting preplasma formation are critical factors affecting microtube performance, especially at high laser intensities.
  • Optimized laser-plasma interactions with structured targets show promise for advanced ion acceleration applications.