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Coronavirus Disease-2019 and Stroke: Pathophysiology and Management

Coulter Small1, Yusuf Mehkri1, Eric Panther1

  • 1College of Medicine, Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, 1505 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.

The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. Le Journal Canadien Des Sciences Neurologiques
|June 28, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) increases stroke risk. This review synthesizes pathophysiology and management strategies for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in COVID-19 patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiovascular Science

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, is linked to heightened risks of both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
  • Understanding the mechanisms connecting SARS-CoV-2 infection to cerebrovascular events is crucial for effective patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of stroke in the context of COVID-19.
  • To elucidate the relationship between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke subtypes.
  • To provide guidance on emerging management strategies for affected patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current scientific data.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological mechanisms linking SARS-CoV-2 to stroke.
  • Compilation of clinical information for practical application.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 presents a complex interplay of factors contributing to stroke.
  • Pathophysiological pathways include hypercoagulability, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammatory responses.
  • Distinct but related mechanisms underlie ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of SARS-CoV-2-related stroke pathophysiology is essential.
  • Evidence-based management strategies are evolving and require continuous synthesis.
  • This review serves as a practical guide for clinicians managing stroke in COVID-19 patients.
Keywords:
COVID-19Cerebral hemorrhageInfections of the nervous systemIschemic strokeStroke

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