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Covid-19 pandemic impacts on follow-up of child growth and development

Gisele Nepomuceno de Andrade1, Leonardo Ferreira Matoso1, Tércia Moreira Ribeiro da Silva2

  • 1Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Escola de Enfermagem. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.

Revista De Saude Publica
|June 29, 2022
PubMed

Insights

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly reduced primary health care visits for child growth and development monitoring in Brazil. This decline, exceeding 50%, showed a geographically uneven pattern across the country.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Child growth and development monitoring is crucial for early detection of health issues.
  • Primary health care services are essential for routine pediatric care.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted healthcare access globally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on primary health care service utilization for child growth and development follow-up in Brazil.
  • To assess the extent and geographical distribution of changes in pediatric consultations during the pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 7.9 million child consultations (0-2 years) in Brazil from March 2017 to May 2020.
  • Utilized non-parametric tests, Global Moran Index (IGM), and Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) to analyze data.
  • Compared consultation data from the pandemic period with previous years.

Main Results:

  • A significant decrease of over 50% in the median number of consultations occurred during the initial pandemic period compared to previous years.
  • The reduction in consultations from 2019 to 2020 ranged from 49% to 62.2% across most Brazilian regions.
  • Spatial analysis revealed significant autocorrelation in the percentage reduction, with distinct low-low and high-high spatial clusters of decreased consultations.

Conclusions:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic substantially impacted routine child growth and development follow-up within Brazil's primary health care system.
  • The reduction in essential pediatric services was geographically uneven, highlighting regional disparities in pandemic effects.
  • Findings underscore the need for strategies to mitigate pandemic-related disruptions to child healthcare.
Abstract

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