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Nematode surface functionalization with hydrogel sheaths tailored in situ.

Wildan Mubarok1, Masaki Nakahata1, Masaru Kojima1

  • 1Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan.

Materials Today. Bio
|July 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Scientists engineered nematode surfaces using hydrogel sheaths, creating novel protective and drug-delivery functions. This surface engineering advances applications in medicine and agriculture.

Keywords:
Anisakis simplexCaenorhabditis elegansHorseradish peroxidaseHydrogel sheathLiving drug delivery systemSurface functionalization

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Surface Science
  • Nematology

Background:

  • Surface engineering of organisms is limited, primarily to unicellular life.
  • Novel functions can be introduced or enhanced by modifying organism surfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer nematode surfaces using in situ hydrogelation.
  • To explore the potential of functionalized nematodes in various applications.

Main Methods:

  • Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) anchored to nematode cuticles initiated in situ hydrogelation.
  • Hydrogel sheaths (approx. 10-μm thick) were fabricated using polysaccharides, proteins, and synthetic polymers.
  • Functional hydrogels incorporated UV-absorbable groups, catalase, or glucose oxidase.

Main Results:

  • Hydrogel sheaths did not significantly affect nematode viability, chemotaxis, or locomotion (C. elegans, A. simplex).
  • Functional hydrogels provided protection against UV radiation and hydrogen peroxide.
  • Glucose oxidase-containing hydrogels showed potential for living drug delivery in cancer therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Nematode surface functionalization via hydrogelation is feasible and versatile.
  • This method offers protective capabilities and potential for biomedical applications.
  • The technique holds promise for advancing fields from agriculture to medicine.