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Estimation of Serum Lipid Profile among Patients Admitted with Myocardial Infarction in a Tertiary Level Hospital of
N A Siddique1, M S Rahman, N Islam
1Dr Nure Alam Siddique, Assistant Professor, Department of Cardiology, Mymensingh Medical College (MMC), Mymensingh, Bangladesh;
Insights
Dyslipidemia is a significant risk factor in myocardial infarction (MI) patients, with high triglycerides and total cholesterol observed. Lifestyle modifications are recommended to manage dyslipidemia in individuals with ischemic heart disease.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Clinical Biochemistry
- Public Health
Background:
- Dyslipidemia is a known contributor to the development of ischemic heart diseases (IHD).
- Understanding lipid profiles in myocardial infarction (MI) patients is crucial for risk stratification and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the lipid profile of patients admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU) with myocardial infarction (MI).
- To identify the prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated risk factors among MI patients.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional, descriptive observational study was conducted over six months.
- Data were collected from 343 MI patients through interviews and laboratory investigations.
- Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0.
Main Results:
- The majority of MI patients were male (82.8%) with a mean age of 53.16 years.
- Common risk factors included smoking (71.1%), hypertension (43.7%), and obesity (28.9%).
- Dyslipidemia was present in 17.8% of patients, with elevated triglycerides (56.9%) and total cholesterol (35.3%) being most common.
Conclusions:
- A significant proportion of MI patients exhibit dyslipidemia, underscoring its role in ischemic heart disease.
- While lipid profiles showed no significant differences between age groups or genders, dyslipidemia requires attention.
- Dietary and lifestyle modifications are essential for managing dyslipidemia in MI patients.
Abstract:
Different studies worldwide showed that dyslipidaemia is involved in the pathogenesis of ischemic heart diseases (IHD). This cross sectional descriptive type of observational study was carried out at Mymensingh Medical College Hospital during the period of six months from January 2021 to September 2021 to estimate the lipid profile among patients admitted in the coronary care unit (CCU) with myocardial infarction (MI). Data were collected from purposively selected 343 patients with MI by face to face interview and laboratory investigations using a case record form. Informed written consent of participants was taken prior to interview. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 21.0. The study results revealed that mean age of the patients with myocardial infarction was 53.16 years with a standard deviation of 11.68 years. Majority of them (284, 82.8%) were male and the remaining (59, 17.2%) were female. Proportion of risk factors for ischaemic heart disease (IHD) were estimated and found that 244(71.1%) patients were smoker; 150(43.7%) had hypertension and 110(32.2%) had family history of IHD. Ninety nine (28.9%) patents were obese with BMI ≥25kg/m². Eighty three (24.2%) patients had diabetes mellitus; 66(19.2%) lead sedentary life and 61(17.8%) patients with myocardial infarction had dyslipidaemia. Mean LDL of patients with myocardial infarction was 103.65±39.73mg/dl; mean total cholesterol (TC) was 189.44±45.41mg/dl; mean TG was 243.11±205.19mg/dl and mean HDL was 39.29±8.98mg/dl. LDL was increased in 10(2.9%) patients; total cholesterol was raised in 121 (35.3%) patients and TG was raised in 195(56.9%) patients. HDL was raised in 26(7.6%) patients and it was lowered in 57(16.6%) patients. Mean LDL, TC, TG and HDL of younger (≤45 years) and older (>45 years) patients were compared and t-test showed no significant difference (p>0.05). Similarly mean LDL, TC, TG and HDL of male and female were compared and again t-test showed no significant difference (p>0.05). Though the pattern of lipid profile was found similar in younger and older patients and in males and females, a significant number of patients (61, 17.8%) with MI had dyslipidaemia which should be address by dietary and lifestyle modification.
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