Potential vascular damage by posterior dislocation of sternoclavicular joint

Area of Science:

• Trauma Surgery
• Orthopedic Surgery
• Thoracic Surgery

Background:

• Posterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation is a rare injury.
• Anterior mediastinal hematoma can cause life-threatening venous compression.
• Surgical management requires careful planning for airway and vascular control.

Observation:

• A 34-year-old male presented with traumatic posterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation and anterior mediastinal hematoma.
• The hematoma compressed the brachiocephalic vein, indicating a risk of vascular compromise.
• Intraoperative positioning was critical for potential sternotomy and vena cava control.

Findings:

• Open reduction of the sternoclavicular joint was performed via a supraclavicular incision.
• High-strength orthopedic sutures were used for joint fixation.
• Mediastinal drainage and closure were achieved with absorbable sutures.

Implications:

• This surgical approach is effective for complex sternoclavicular joint dislocations with mediastinal hematoma.
• Successful management highlights the importance of tailored surgical techniques in trauma.
• This case provides a valuable reference for treating similar rare and severe injuries.