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Clot composition characterization using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in acute ischemic stroke.

Simon Skyrman1,2, Gustav Burström1,2, Oskar Aspegren3,4

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Biomedical Optics Express
|July 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) can identify clot composition in stroke patients. This technology may improve endovascular thrombectomy success by matching clot type to treatment technique.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical optics
  • Neuroscience
  • Medical devices

Background:

  • Acute ischemic stroke from large vessel occlusion requires endovascular thrombectomy.
  • Treatment failure in thrombectomy can result from a mismatch between clot composition and the technique used.
  • Accurate, real-time clot characterization is needed to optimize treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) for ex vivo identification of clot composition.
  • To determine if DRS can differentiate between clot types relevant to endovascular thrombectomy.

Main Methods:

  • Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and histology were performed on 45 clot samples from 29 stroke patients.
  • Correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between DRS spectra and clot composition (e.g., red blood cell content).
  • Diagnostic performance metrics (sensitivity, specificity) were calculated for discriminating clot types.

Main Results:

  • DRS spectra showed a strong correlation with clot red blood cell (RBC) content (R=0.81, p<0.001).
  • DRS successfully discriminated between RBC-rich and fibrin-rich clots (p<0.001).
  • The sensitivity and specificity for detecting RBC-rich clots were 0.722 and 0.846, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) is a viable method for identifying clot composition ex vivo.
  • DRS has the potential to provide intraprocedural information on clot characteristics within an intravascular device.
  • This capability could enhance the efficiency and success rates of endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke.