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Related Experiment Video

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Integrating Structural Colors with Additive Manufacturing Using Atomic Layer Deposition.

Benjamin A Rorem1, Tae H Cho2, Nazanin Farjam2

  • 1Deparment of Applied Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|July 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) creates tunable structural colors on 3D objects. This method allows for precise color control and stable, vibrant patterns on various materials, advancing additive manufacturing aesthetics.

Keywords:
Fabry−Pérotadditive manufacturingarea-selective depositionatomic layer depositionelectrohydrodynamic jet printingstructural color

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Optics

Background:

  • Traditional paints and coatings often lack durability and precise color control.
  • Achieving uniform coloration on complex 3D surfaces remains a challenge in manufacturing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate tunable structural color patterns across the visible spectrum using atomic layer deposition (ALD).
  • To enable uniform and stable coloration of non-planar 3D objects, including 3D-printed parts.
  • To develop a method for multi-color printing on a single sample using area-selective ALD.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of asymmetric metal-dielectric-metal structures (Ni-ZnO-Cu) via sequential deposition to form an optical cavity.
  • Tuning of zinc oxide (ZnO) thickness using ALD to precisely adjust the structural color response.
  • Utilizing polymer inhibitors patterned by electrohydrodynamic jet (e-jet) printing for area-selective ALD to achieve multi-color patterns.

Main Results:

  • Tunable structural color patterns spanning the visible spectrum were achieved.
  • Color response was precisely controlled by adjusting ZnO thickness, consistent with model predictions.
  • Uniform coloration was demonstrated on non-planar 3D-printed metal parts.
  • Structural color exhibited stability at elevated temperatures.
  • Multi-color patterns were successfully printed on a single sample using area-selective ALD.

Conclusions:

  • ALD offers a versatile method for creating tunable, stable structural colors on 3D objects.
  • This technique provides a new pathway for integrating precise optical and aesthetic properties into additive manufacturing.
  • The ability to perform 3D color printing at micro- and macroscales opens possibilities for advanced material design and customization.