Solid phase extraction on reverse phase chromatographic media subjected to stresses expected for extraterrestrial
1J2F Engineering, 113 Lupine Lane, Charlottesville, VA 22911, USA. jerome@j2f-engineering.com.
The Analyst
|July 5, 2022
Summary
Solid phase extraction media must withstand spaceflight stresses for ocean world sample analysis. Oasis® HLB polymeric media demonstrated superior performance in capturing and desalting analytes, remaining functional after various treatments.
Area of Science:
- Astrobiology
- Planetary Science
- Analytical Chemistry
Background:
- Ocean Worlds in our Solar System may harbor life, necessitating in situ analysis of liquid samples.
- Sample preparation techniques like solid phase extraction are crucial for concentrating and desalting analytes from extraterrestrial brines.
- Extraction media must endure harsh spaceflight conditions and remain functional upon arrival.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the performance and resilience of various solid phase extraction media for analyzing extraterrestrial liquid samples.
- To assess the impact of spaceflight-relevant stresses (vacuum, freezing, heating, irradiation) on media capture and desalting efficiencies.
- To identify optimal media for in situ analysis on Ocean Worlds.
Main Methods:
- Tryptophan was used as a representative analyte to test silica and polymeric reverse phase media.
- Media were subjected to vacuum exposure, freezing, heating/sonication, and irradiation treatments.
- Capture and desalting efficiencies were measured, with expanded analyte testing for promising media.
- Performance of Kromasil® C-18, Oasis® HLB, Onyx C-18, and Chromolith® RP-18e media were compared.
Main Results:
- Oasis® HLB polymeric media exhibited 100% capture efficiency and 90% tryptophan recovery across all stress treatments.
- Kromasil® C-18 and Onyx C-18 showed good initial performance but degraded after irradiation and long-term freezing.
- Chromolith® RP-18e media displayed inconsistent and irreproducible results.
- Oasis® HLB demonstrated superior performance with a broader range of analytes and resilience to irradiation and long-term frozen storage.
Conclusions:
- Oasis® HLB polymeric media is a highly suitable candidate for in situ sample preparation on Ocean Worlds due to its robustness and high analyte recovery.
- Silica-based and other polymeric media showed limitations under combined stress conditions, particularly irradiation and prolonged freezing.
- Further development and testing of robust solid phase extraction media are essential for the successful exploration of Ocean Worlds.
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