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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen. Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or...

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Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Development and Validation of an Ultrasensitive Single Molecule Array Digital Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay for Human Interferon-α

Development and Validation of an Ultrasensitive Single Molecule Array Digital Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay for Human Interferon-α

Published on: June 14, 2018

Highly accurate multiprotein detection on a digital ELISA platform.

Shih-Mo Yang¹, Qingbo Bi¹, Wen Jun Zhang²

¹School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation of Shanghai University, No.99 at Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China.

|July 6, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an improved digital ELISA for detecting multiple cytokines, aiding in early childhood asthma diagnosis. The new method accurately identifies key asthma-related cytokine differences in children.

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Immunology
Medical Diagnostics

Background:

Digital enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a single-molecule detection platform capable of high-sensitivity protein quantification.
Accurate diagnosis of allergic and asthmatic conditions can be improved by sensitive cytokine detection.

Purpose of the Study:

To enhance the digital ELISA platform for simultaneous detection of multiple cytokines.
To evaluate the utility of this improved platform for diagnosing childhood asthma by analyzing specific cytokine profiles.

Main Methods:

Development of a multiplexed digital ELISA using encoded magnetic microbeads for simultaneous detection of three cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, IFN-γ) in a single serum sample.
Application of the developed assay to analyze serum samples from children with asthma and healthy controls.

Main Results:

Significantly elevated concentrations of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were observed in children with asthma compared to healthy controls.
Significantly lower concentrations of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were detected in children with asthma.
The developed multiplexed digital ELISA demonstrated higher accuracy compared to conventional diagnostic methods.

Conclusions:

The improved high-sensitivity digital ELISA platform enables accurate, simultaneous detection of multiple cytokines.
This approach shows significant potential for the early detection and improved management of childhood asthma and related diseases.
Cytokine profiling using this advanced digital ELISA can differentiate between asthmatic and healthy children.