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Entangling single atoms over 33 km telecom fibre.
Tim van Leent1,2, Matthias Bock3,4, Florian Fertig1,2
1Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Nature
|July 6, 2022
Summary
Researchers demonstrated heralded entanglement between two rubidium atoms over 33 km of fiber. This breakthrough advances quantum networks and secure communication by enabling entanglement distribution for quantum computing and key distribution.
Area of Science:
- Quantum Information Science
- Quantum Communication Networks
- Atomic Physics
Background:
- Quantum networks require reliable entanglement distribution between distant nodes.
- Existing methods face challenges with long-distance fiber links and state decay.
Purpose of the Study:
- To demonstrate heralded entanglement between two remote, independently trapped single atoms.
- To establish the feasibility of entanglement distribution over long-haul fiber optic links.
Main Methods:
- Generated atom-photon entanglement in two separate nodes.
- Utilized quantum frequency conversion to transmit photons over 33 km of fiber.
- Performed a Bell-state measurement to herald atomic entanglement.
Main Results:
- Successfully demonstrated heralded entanglement between two single rubidium atoms.
- Achieved entanglement distribution over fiber links up to 33 km in length.
- Overcame high-attenuation losses using quantum frequency conversion.
Conclusions:
- The study confirms the viability of distributing entanglement over telecom fiber for quantum networks.
- This work is crucial for advancing device-independent quantum key distribution and quantum repeater protocols.
- Represents a significant step towards building large-scale quantum network infrastructure.
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