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Associations Between Serum Soluble α-Klotho and the Prevalence of Specific Cardiovascular Disease
Jun-Peng Xu1,2,3, Rui-Xiang Zeng1,2,3, Mu-Hua He4
1The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
Insights
Serum soluble alpha-Klotho is linked to lower risks of congestive heart failure and myocardial infarction. Further research is needed to confirm alpha-Klotho as a specific biomarker for cardiovascular diseases like coronary heart disease and stroke.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cardiology
- Gerontology
Background:
- Serum soluble alpha-Klotho (α-Klotho) is an anti-aging protein with known cardiovascular benefits.
- Previous research indicated α-Klotho's predictive value for overall cardiovascular disease (CVD).
- The association between α-Klotho and specific CVDs like congestive heart failure (CHF), coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke requires further investigation in humans.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between serum soluble α-Klotho levels and the prevalence of four specific cardiovascular diseases: CHF, CHD, MI, and stroke.
- To elucidate whether α-Klotho is a specific biomarker for these CVDs.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of data from 8,615 adults from the 2007-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
- Utilized stratified multivariable logistic regression models, restricted cubic spline curves, and subgroup analyses.
- Evaluated associations between α-Klotho levels and the prevalence of CHF, CHD, MI, and stroke.
Main Results:
- Lower serum α-Klotho levels were significantly associated with increased prevalence of CHF (OR=1.46) and MI (OR=1.33) compared to the highest quartile.
- Each unit increase in ln-transformed α-Klotho was linked to a 38% reduction in CHF prevalence and a 24% reduction in MI prevalence.
- Restricted cubic spline curves revealed a linear-inverse relationship between α-Klotho and CHF/MI.
Conclusions:
- Serum soluble α-Klotho is significantly associated with the prevalence of CHF and MI.
- Further human studies are necessary to determine if α-Klotho serves as a specific biomarker for CVD, particularly for CHD and stroke.
Objective:
Accumulating experimental evidence has identified the beneficial effects of the anti-aging protein, serum soluble α-Klotho, on longevity, and the cardiovascular system. Although a previous study has revealed the predictive value of α-Klotho on total cardiovascular disease (CVD), the associations between α-Klotho and specific CVDs, including congestive heart failure (CHF), coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke, remains to be fully elucidated in humans.
Methods:
For 8,615 adults in the 2007 to 2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, stratified multivariable logistic regression models, restricted cubic spline curves, and subgroup analyses were used to evaluate the associations between α-Klotho and the four specific CVDs.
Results:
In the quartile analyses, compared to those in the highest quartile, participants in the lowest level of α-Klotho were significantly associated with CHF [odds ratio (OR) = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.09-1.97] and MI (1.33, 1.02-1.74), which was not the case for CHD (1.12, 0.91-1.38) or stroke (0.96, 0.73-1.25). Each unit increment in the ln-transformed α-Klotho concentrations was only positively associated with a 38 and 24% reduction in the prevalence of CHF and MI, respectively. Restricted cubic spline curves indicated that the α-Klotho was correlated with CHF and MI in linear-inverse relationships.
Conclusion:
The present findings suggested that the serum soluble α-Klotho is significantly associated with the prevalence of CHF and MI. To better determine whether α-Klotho is a specific biomarker of CVD, particularly for CHD and stroke, further research in humans is needed.
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