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Related Experiment Videos

Parity as a factor in incontinence in multiple sclerosis.

M Swash, S J Snooks, D H Chalmers

    Archives of Neurology
    |May 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients frequently experience incontinence, often due to a combination of central nervous system lesions, spinal cord damage, and pelvic nerve issues, particularly in women.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Urology
    • Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease affecting the central nervous system.
    • Incontinence, both urinary and fecal, is a common but often underestimated symptom in MS patients.
    • The underlying mechanisms of incontinence in MS are complex and multifactorial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the neurophysiologic basis of anal and urinary sphincter dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis.
    • To determine the prevalence and potential causes of fecal and urinary incontinence in an MS cohort.

    Main Methods:

    • Electrophysiologic studies were performed on the pudendal and perineal nerves innervating the anal and urinary sphincters in 12 MS patients with incontinence.
    • Single-fiber electromyogram (EMG) density measurements were obtained from the external anal sphincter.

    Main Results:

    • Fecal incontinence was found to be unexpectedly frequent among the studied patients.
    • Electrophysiologic findings suggest a combination of central nervous system lesions, conus medullaris involvement, and coincidental pelvic nerve damage (potentially from childbirth) contribute to incontinence.
    • The study highlights the significant impact of MS on sphincter function.

    Conclusions:

    • Incontinence in multiple sclerosis patients often results from a complex interplay of neurological and potentially obstetric factors.
    • Pelvic nerve dysfunction, in addition to central lesions, plays a crucial role in the development of incontinence.
    • Women with MS appear particularly susceptible to incontinence due to the multifactorial nature of the condition.

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