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Effect of Concomitant Tuberculosis Infection on COVID-19 Disease in Children: A Matched, Retrospective Cohort Study

Surendra Bahadur Mathur1, Romit Saxena1, Pallavi Pallavi1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated LNJP Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|July 7, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric patients with tuberculosis (TB) who contract COVID-19 experience more severe illness, requiring increased medical intervention and resulting in worse outcomes. This highlights the critical need for policy attention to this vulnerable population.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Global Health

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has significantly impacted global health.
  • Patients with tuberculosis (TB) represent a vulnerable population.
  • Limited data exists on the combined effects of COVID-19 and TB in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the impact of co-occurring tuberculosis (TB) on the clinical progression of pediatric COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective matched cohort study was conducted in India.
  • Included pediatric COVID-19 patients (<18 years) with and without TB.
  • Data was collected from medical records via a pre-determined proforma.

Main Results:

  • 17 pediatric COVID-19 patients with TB were compared to controls.
  • TB patients presented with lower SpO2, higher COVID-19 severity, and were sicker upon arrival.
  • These patients required more mechanical ventilation, had longer hospital stays, and poorer outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 may exacerbate and alter the clinical course of TB in children.
  • The high fatality rate of this co-infection warrants attention from policymakers.
  • Early identification and management are crucial for this high-risk group.
Abstract

Keywords:
Koch’s diseaseSARS-CoV-2childrenco-infection

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