Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Acute Respiratory Failure-V01:29

Acute Respiratory Failure-V

192
The treatment for acute respiratory failure varies based on factors like the underlying cause, overall health, and severity. A collaborative healthcare team is essential for early detection, often through arterial blood gas analysis. Identifying the cause is the primary goal, with treatment strategies adjusted for ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, shunting, or diffusion impairment.
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
192
Acute Respiratory Failure-I01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-I

299
Acute respiratory failure is a condition characterized by the inability of the lungs to perform their primary function: gas exchange. This failure leads to insufficient oxygen levels (hypoxemia) in the blood, elevated carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia), or both, causing critical impairment in organ function.
Definition: It is defined by specific criteria based on blood gas measurements. Hypoxemia happens when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) falls below 60 mmHg. At the same time,...
299
Acute Respiratory Failure-IV01:23

Acute Respiratory Failure-IV

217
Respiratory failure can manifest suddenly or gradually, characterized by a rapid decline in PaO2 and a rapid rise in PaCO2. This situation indicates a severe respiratory problem that may quickly become a life-threatening emergency. One of the early signs of hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) is a change in mental status due to the brain's sensitivity to oxygen levels and changes in acid-base balance. Symptoms such as restlessness, confusion, and agitation suggest inadequate oxygen...
217
Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

Acute Respiratory Failure-III

309
Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without...
309
Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications01:19

Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications

1.2K
Respiratory assessment is a cornerstone of nursing assessments, crucial for the early detection of patient deterioration. This evaluation transcends routine procedures, representing a critical skill nurses must master to ensure optimal patient care.
Objectives and Importance:
The primary goal of respiratory assessment is to evaluate patients at early risk of clinical deterioration. Since respiratory distress often precedes other signs of declining health, breathing patterns and sounds become a...
1.2K
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

341
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
341

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Atypical Presentation of Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome (CAPS) Following Cesarean Delivery in a Patient With Persistent Multiorgan Dysfunction: A Case Report.

The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research·2026
Same author

Maternal satisfaction with neuraxial labor analgesia in spontaneous vs. assisted reproductive technology pregnancies: a single-center retrospective cohort study (2023-2024).

International journal of obstetric anesthesia·2026
Same author

Purpura Fulminans Mimicking NSTI: A Limb-saving case of <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> Infection.

IDCases·2026
Same author

Intrathecal fentanyl and intraoperative pain during fetoscopic laser photocoagulation: a single-center retrospective cohort study (2020-2025).

International journal of obstetric anesthesia·2026
Same author

Early Haptoglobin Decrease During a Microaxial Flow Pump Support: Association With High Pump Performance Level.

ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)·2026
Same author

Prognostic profiles for discharge destination identified during intensive care unit admission: a decision tree analysis.

Journal of rehabilitation medicine·2026
Same journal

Longitudinal immune-inflammatory profiles and mortality in older adults with sepsis: a multicentre prospective cohort study.

Journal of intensive care·2026
Same journal

Adenosine 5'-monophosphate prevents sepsis-associated muscle wasting by activating AMPK and suppressing IL-1β inflammatory cytokines.

Journal of intensive care·2026
Same journal

Update on sepsis treatment.

Journal of intensive care·2026
Same journal

Clinical implications of ferroptosis in critical illness: a narrative review.

Journal of intensive care·2026
Same journal

Tracheal intubation in the critically ill: beyond the airway, toward hemodynamic precision.

Journal of intensive care·2026
Same journal

Standardized low-flow ventilation with PEEP maintenance during bronchoscopy in mechanically ventilated ICU patients: a pilot trial.

Journal of intensive care·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device
09:36

Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device

Published on: September 24, 2020

2.8K

ARDS Clinical Practice Guideline 2021.

Sadatomo Tasaka1, Shinichiro Ohshimo2, Muneyuki Takeuchi3

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifucho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan. tasaka@hirosaki-u.ac.jp.

Journal of Intensive Care
|July 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The 2021 ARDS Clinical Practice Guideline provides updated recommendations for both adult and pediatric patients. Key findings include specific mechanical ventilation strategies and steroid use for adults, and prone positioning for pediatric patients with moderate ARDS.

Keywords:
ARDSAcute lung injuryClinical practice guidelineSystematic review

More Related Videos

An Educational Video Demonstration of How to Prone a Critically Ill Intubated Patient
07:16

An Educational Video Demonstration of How to Prone a Critically Ill Intubated Patient

Published on: November 30, 2022

3.5K
Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ARDS
06:22

Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ARDS

Published on: April 7, 2021

3.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device
09:36

Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device

Published on: September 24, 2020

2.8K
An Educational Video Demonstration of How to Prone a Critically Ill Intubated Patient
07:16

An Educational Video Demonstration of How to Prone a Critically Ill Intubated Patient

Published on: November 30, 2022

3.5K
Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ARDS
06:22

Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ARDS

Published on: April 7, 2021

3.5K

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Pediatric Critical Care

Background:

  • The Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine, Japanese Respiratory Society, and Japanese Society of Respiratory Care Medicine jointly released the 2021 ARDS Clinical Practice Guideline.
  • This updated guideline expands upon the 2016 edition by including 15 clinical questions (CQs) for pediatric patients alongside 46 CQs for adults.

Discussion:

  • The guideline development employed systematic reviews with the GRADE system and introduced meta-analyses of diagnostic accuracy and network meta-analyses.
  • Recommendations are based on rigorous evaluation of evidence, considering both adult and pediatric populations.

Key Insights:

  • For adults with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), recommendations include limiting tidal volume to 4-8 mL/kg, avoiding excessively low SpO2 targets, and using low-dose steroids (GRADE 1B).
  • For pediatric ARDS, suggestions include prone positioning for moderate cases (GRADE 2D) and avoiding non-invasive respiratory support (GRADE 2D).
  • The guideline advises against using serum C-reactive protein and procalcitonin for identifying bacterial pneumonia in ARDS (GRADE 2D).

Outlook:

  • This guideline aims to standardize and improve the management of ARDS in Japan.
  • Future research may further refine recommendations, particularly regarding novel therapeutic strategies and personalized treatment approaches.