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miRNA induced 3D bioprinted-heterotypic osteochondral interface.
Nazmiye Celik1,2, Myoung Hwan Kim2,3, Miji Yeo1,2
1Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America.
Biofabrication
|July 8, 2022
Summary
This study introduces a novel 3D bioprinting method using microRNA-transfected stem cell spheroids for osteochondral reconstruction. This approach enhances bone and cartilage formation, offering a promising alternative for tissue engineering.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Tissue Engineering
Background:
- Osteochondral interface engineering is challenging.
- MicroRNAs (miRs) regulate osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation.
- Traditional methods using diffusible cytokines have limitations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel 3D bioprinting approach for osteochondral reconstruction using microRNA-transfected adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) spheroids.
- To evaluate specific miRs for promoting osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation in ADSC spheroids.
- To create a heterotypic osteochondral interface with distinct zonal differentiation.
Main Methods:
- Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting of microRNA-transfected ADSC spheroids.
- Delivery of miR-148b for osteogenic differentiation and co-delivery of miR-140 and miR-21 for chondrogenic differentiation.
- Aspiration-assisted bioprinting to form a dual-layer heterotypic interface.
Main Results:
- miR-transfected ADSC spheroids showed upregulated osteogenic and chondrogenic markers.
- Enhanced mineralization and cell proliferation were observed compared to standard differentiation media.
- Successful 3D bioprinting of a stratified osteochondral interface was achieved.
Conclusions:
- MicroRNA-transfected ADSC spheroids provide a viable strategy for osteochondral tissue engineering.
- This approach overcomes limitations of traditional methods for zonal differentiation.
- The technique shows potential for fabricating various composite tissues and interfaces.
