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Emerging functional connectivity patterns during sevoflurane anaesthesia in the developing human brain.

Adela Desowska1, Charles B Berde1, Laura Cornelissen1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

British Journal of Anaesthesia
|July 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional connectivity, a new measure of brain activity, can distinguish between wakefulness and anesthesia in children. This method shows anesthesia increases brain modularity, which decreases with age as adult-like patterns emerge.

Keywords:
EEGconsciousnessfunctional connectivitypaediatric anaesthesiasevoflurane

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Anesthesiology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Spectral-based electroencephalography (EEG) is used to monitor anesthetic states in adults.
  • EEG patterns in children mature after 10 months, limiting their ability to distinguish wakefulness from anesthesia in younger infants.
  • Alternative EEG measures are needed to assess consciousness in pediatric anesthesia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate functional connectivity as a measure to differentiate consciousness states in children under anesthesia.
  • To analyze changes in brain network topology during sevoflurane general anesthesia in infants and young children.

Main Methods:

  • Reanalyzed EEG data from 0-3 year olds undergoing sevoflurane anesthesia.
  • Applied debiased weighted phase lag index to assess functional connectivity.
  • Compared network topology measures (density, node degree, modularity) between wakefulness and anesthesia across different age groups (0-6 months, 6-10 months, >10 months).

Main Results:

  • Functional connectivity in the delta band was reduced during anesthesia compared to wakefulness.
  • Network density and node degree were lower in anesthesia across all age groups.
  • Brain modularity was higher during anesthesia and decreased with age, indicating increased segregation.

Conclusions:

  • Anesthesia significantly modulates functional connectivity in the developing brain.
  • Increased brain modularity during anesthesia diminishes with age, correlating with the development of adult-like EEG patterns.
  • Functional connectivity analysis provides insights into the network architecture affected by anesthesia in pediatric patients.