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Human Remains Identification Using Micro-CT, Chemometric and AI Methods in Forensic Experimental Reconstruction of
Andrej Thurzo1,2,3, Viera Jančovičová4, Miroslav Hain5
1Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 81250 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 9, 2022
Summary
This study presents a novel 3D dental pattern reconstruction method using advanced imaging and AI. It enhances human identification from remains, even after acid exposure, by analyzing resilient dental materials.
Area of Science:
- Forensic Science
- Materials Science
- Computer Science
Background:
- Human identification is challenging when remains are degraded by acid.
- Dental restorations offer resilient markers for identification.
- Digital reconstruction of dental patterns is crucial for forensic analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce a novel method for 3D dental pattern reconstruction.
- To enhance human identification of remains using digital dental records.
- To assess the impact of sulfuric acid on teeth and dental materials.
Main Methods:
- Utilized micro-computed tomography, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and attenuated total reflection.
- Employed Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and artificial intelligence (AI) convolutional neural network algorithms.
- Analyzed teeth, bone, and dental materials (amalgam, composite, glass-ionomer cement) after sulfuric acid exposure.
Main Results:
- Significant volume loss observed in bone, enamel, dentine, and glass-ionomer cement.
- Composite and amalgam dental materials demonstrated high resistance to sulfuric acid.
- Achieved successful automated-forensic-CBCT segmentation using AI.
Conclusions:
- Interdisciplinary approaches combining advanced imaging and AI can effectively reconstruct dental patterns.
- 3D dental pattern reconstruction aids in the identification of human remains.
- Resilient dental materials like composite and amalgam are key identifiers post-acid exposure.
