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Towards a Secure and Scalable Maritime Monitoring System Using Blockchain and Low-Cost IoT Technology.

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Summary

This study introduces a blockchain-based Maritime Monitoring System (MMS) to enhance cybersecurity for coastal surveillance. The solution ensures data integrity and availability, addressing scalability challenges in nation-scale deployments.

Keywords:
Dockerautomatic identification systemhyperledger fabricmaritime monitoring systempermissioned blockchain

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Area of Science:

  • Maritime security and surveillance
  • Cybersecurity and distributed ledger technology
  • Network engineering and system integration

Background:

  • Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) is crucial for coastal nations to monitor maritime resources and Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs).
  • Existing Maritime Monitoring Systems (MMS) face significant scalability and cybersecurity challenges due to heterogeneous sensing devices and large-scale deployment requirements.
  • Ensuring the integrity, authenticity, and availability of navigation data is paramount for effective MDA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the application of blockchain technology for enhancing the cybersecurity of Maritime Monitoring Systems (MMS).
  • To propose and evaluate a prototype MMS leveraging a permissioned blockchain solution for secure navigation data management.
  • To address the scalability and cybersecurity challenges inherent in nation-scale MMS deployments.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a prototype MMS using Hyperledger Fabric, a permissioned blockchain platform.
  • Integration with a Software-Defined-Radio (SDR)-based Automatic Identification System (AIS) receiver for data acquisition.
  • Implementation of a dockerized blockchain client to improve large-scale deployability and scalability.
  • Performance evaluation through practical experiments to quantify blockchain overhead and Quality of Service (QoS) impact.

Main Results:

  • The proposed blockchain solution effectively enhances the cybersecurity of the MMS, ensuring data integrity, authenticity, and availability.
  • A dockerized blockchain client demonstrated improved scalability, facilitating large-scale deployment.
  • Quantitative analysis revealed the overhead of blockchain technology and its impact on QoS, confirming the solution's feasibility.
  • Optimal hardware configurations for blockchain clients were identified to reduce implementation and maintenance costs.

Conclusions:

  • Blockchain technology offers a feasible and effective solution for enhancing the cybersecurity and data integrity of Maritime Monitoring Systems.
  • The developed prototype and dockerized client address key scalability challenges for nation-scale MMS.
  • The findings provide valuable insights into the performance implications and practical application of blockchain in maritime surveillance.