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Related Concept Videos

Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

3.6K
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
3.6K
Post-translational Translocation of Proteins to the RER01:27

Post-translational Translocation of Proteins to the RER

5.9K
A sizable fraction of proteins destined for ER are first synthesized in the cell cytosol and then transported across the ER membrane–a process called post-translational translocation. Similar to cotranslationally translocated proteins, these proteins also use the Sec translocon complex to enter the ER lumen.
Targeting proteins to the ER
Hsp40 and Hsp70 chaperone molecules bind the translated proteins in the cytosol to prevent their folding. The chaperone binding helps to keep the signal...
5.9K
Termination of Translation01:44

Termination of Translation

25.7K
The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
25.7K
Ribosomes01:27

Ribosomes

69.3K
Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome...
69.3K
Directing Proteins to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum01:34

Directing Proteins to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

7.4K
The organelle-specific signaling sequences direct proteins synthesized in the cytosol to their final destination like ER, mitochondria, peroxisomes, etc. Some of the proteins directed to ER are then trafficked via vesicles to other organelles within the cell or the extracellular environment through the Golgi complex. For example, the rough ER synthesizes soluble proteins for transportation to the lysosomes or secretion out of the cell. It can also synthesize transmembrane proteins that can...
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Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Eukaryotic Polyribosome Profile Analysis
09:16

Eukaryotic Polyribosome Profile Analysis

Published on: June 15, 2010

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A transformation clustering algorithm and its application in polyribosomes structural profiling.

Wenhong Jiang1, Jonathan Wagner2,3, Wenjing Du1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.

Nucleic Acids Research
|July 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a new algorithm, NEighboring Molecule TOpology Clustering (NEMO-TOC), to study how molecules interact within cells. This method helps us understand how polyribosomes form and function in gene expression.

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In vivo Interrogation of Central Nervous System Translatome by Polyribosome Fractionation
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Global Identification of Co-Translational Interaction Networks by Selective Ribosome Profiling
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Global Identification of Co-Translational Interaction Networks by Selective Ribosome Profiling

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Eukaryotic Polyribosome Profile Analysis
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Eukaryotic Polyribosome Profile Analysis

Published on: June 15, 2010

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In vivo Interrogation of Central Nervous System Translatome by Polyribosome Fractionation
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In vivo Interrogation of Central Nervous System Translatome by Polyribosome Fractionation

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Global Identification of Co-Translational Interaction Networks by Selective Ribosome Profiling
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Global Identification of Co-Translational Interaction Networks by Selective Ribosome Profiling

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Area of Science:

  • Structural biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Cell biology

Background:

  • Cryo-electron tomography and advanced algorithms enable in situ macromolecular analysis.
  • Understanding molecular interactions ('molecular sociology') in cellular environments is crucial for biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel algorithm, NEighboring Molecule TOpology Clustering (NEMO-TOC).
  • To optimize NEMO-TOC for detecting and profiling polyribosomes and their roles in gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • Development and optimization of the NEMO-TOC algorithm.
  • Application of NEMO-TOC for analyzing polyribosome structures in situ.

Main Results:

  • The NEMO-TOC algorithm successfully detects and profiles polyribosomes.
  • Results suggest polyribosomes are formed by connecting nonstochastic blocks.
  • Translation within these polyribosomes appears to be synchronized.

Conclusions:

  • NEMO-TOC provides a new tool for studying molecular interactions in cellular contexts.
  • The findings offer a model for polyribosome organization and synchronized translation.