Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
Published on: March 1, 2015
Zygomatic Muscle Neurotization with Nerve Grafts and End-to-Side Neurorrhaphies: A New Technique for Facial Palsy
Fausto Viterbo1, Lucas Vannuchi Magnani2, Helga Caputo Nunes3
1Plastic Surgery Division of the School of Medicine of Botucatu, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil.
Abstract:
Moebius syndrome is a rare congenital facial palsy that can generate serious emotional repercussions, mainly due to the inability to smile. Currently, no treatment is available; however, surgery can restore muscle function. This case report introduces a new technique for the treatment of Moebius syndrome with zygomatic muscle neurotization using nerve grafts and end-to-side neurorrhaphies, in a 3-year-old girl diagnosed with bilateral Moebius syndrome who was unable to smile on the left side. After 4 years, the patient presented with full smile restoration on the left side, with right and left independent movements and complete symmetry.
Related Concept Videos
Muscles for Facial Expressions
Cranial Nerves: Types Part I
Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)
The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique as it is purely sensory and dedicated to the sense of smell. This nerve originates in the olfactory epithelium of the...

