Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gene Duplication and Divergence02:37

Gene Duplication and Divergence

6.3K
The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
6.3K
Formation of Species01:31

Formation of Species

42.2K
Speciation describes the formation of one or more new species from one or sometimes multiple original species. The resulting species are discrete from the parent species, and barriers to reproduction will typically exist. There are two primary mechanisms, speciation with and without geographic isolation—allopatric and sympatric speciation, respectively.
42.2K
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

6.1K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
6.1K
Polytene Chromosomes02:04

Polytene Chromosomes

10.2K
Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also...
10.2K
Hybrid Zones02:29

Hybrid Zones

20.1K
Hybrid zones are narrow regions where two closely related species interact, mate, and produce hybrids. Relative to either parent species, hybrids may possess distinct phenotypic or genetic differences that impact their survival and reproductive success. The genetic variances introduced by hybridization influence species diversity and speciation processes within the hybrid zone.
20.1K
Meiosis I03:09

Meiosis I

41.2K
Meiosis is the division of a diploid cell into haploid cells forming sperm and eggs in animals through differentiation. Meiosis I is the first stage of meiosis, where the genetic recombination of homologous chromosomes and the reduction of the ploidy level by half occurs.
Prophase I is the most extended and complex step of meiosis I characterized by synapsis, chromosome pairing, and recombination of the homologous chromosomes. This process is facilitated by a proteinaceous structure called the...
41.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Fabrication of Bifacial-Modified Perovskites for Efficient Semitransparent Solar Cells with High Average Visible Transmittance.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

The immunomodulatory effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists in neurogenerative diseases and ischemic stroke treatment.

Frontiers in immunology·2025
Same author

Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence System for Drug Prioritization.

Journal of chemical information and modeling·2025
Same author

Image segmentation and coverage estimation of deep-sea polymetallic nodules based on lightweight deep learning model.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic overall water-splitting on CuZnGaS/BiVO<sub>4</sub> S-scheme heterojunctions.

Journal of colloid and interface science·2025
Same author

A Class of Allopolyploidy Showing High Duplicate Retention and Continued Homoeologous Exchanges.

Genome biology and evolution·2025
Same journal

Mapping the 3D Chromosome Organization of a Biosynthetic Gene Cluster by Capture Hi-C (CHi-C).

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Mapping the 3D Chromosome Organization of Streptomyces by Hi-C.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

CUT&Tag Epigenomic Profiling of Biosynthetic Gene Clusters in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Rhizobium rhizogenes-Mediated Hairy Root Transformation Protocol for Lotus japonicus and Other Legumes.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Characterization of Bioactive Saponins from Sea Cucumbers.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Methods for Functional Validation of Terpenoid Metabolic Clusters in Nicotiana benthamiana and Aspergillus oryzae.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans
07:54

Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: March 15, 2018

11.1K

POInT: A Tool for Modeling Ancient Polyploidies Using Multiple Polyploid Genomes.

Yue Hao1, Gavin C Conant2,3,4

  • 1Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|July 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ancient whole genome duplication events are common in eukaryotes. We developed the Polyploidy Orthology Inference Tool (POInT) to model these events, assign genes to subgenomes, and track gene loss.

Keywords:
Ancient polyploidyEvolutionGene lossOrthologySubgenomes

More Related Videos

A Drosophila Model to Study Wound-induced Polyploidization
07:27

A Drosophila Model to Study Wound-induced Polyploidization

Published on: June 9, 2020

5.4K
Establishment of Proliferative Tetraploid Cells from Nontransformed Human Fibroblasts
10:04

Establishment of Proliferative Tetraploid Cells from Nontransformed Human Fibroblasts

Published on: January 8, 2017

7.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans
07:54

Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: March 15, 2018

11.1K
A Drosophila Model to Study Wound-induced Polyploidization
07:27

A Drosophila Model to Study Wound-induced Polyploidization

Published on: June 9, 2020

5.4K
Establishment of Proliferative Tetraploid Cells from Nontransformed Human Fibroblasts
10:04

Establishment of Proliferative Tetraploid Cells from Nontransformed Human Fibroblasts

Published on: January 8, 2017

7.4K

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Polyploidy, the duplication of entire genomes, is a significant evolutionary mechanism in eukaryotes.
  • Understanding the history and consequences of ancient polyploidy is crucial for deciphering eukaryotic evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce POInT (Polyploidy Orthology Inference Tool), a novel computational tool.
  • To model ancient whole genome duplications (WGDs) and triplications.
  • To assign homoeologous genes to specific subgenomes and infer post-polyploidy gene loss.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a likelihood-based computational framework.
  • Modeling of polyploidy events (duplications and triplications).
  • Inferring gene homoeology and subgenome assignment.
  • Reconstructing gene loss patterns from ancestral subgenomes.

Main Results:

  • POInT enables robust inference of ancient polyploidy events.
  • The tool accurately assigns homoeologous genes to parental subgenomes.
  • POInT facilitates the reconstruction of gene loss dynamics following WGDs.

Conclusions:

  • POInT provides a powerful approach for studying the evolutionary impact of polyploidy.
  • This tool aids in understanding genome evolution and gene family dynamics in eukaryotes.
  • The inferred gene loss patterns offer insights into genome evolution after whole genome duplication.