Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 4, 2025

Breakfast Habits among Schoolchildren in the City of Uruguaiana, Brazil
Published on: July 29, 2020
Validation of the RAND 36-Item Health Survey questionnaire in Brazil
Liliane Lins-Kusterer1, Inácio Aguiar1, Larissa Souza Santos-Lins1
1Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Saúde, Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Background:
Health-related quality of life is frequently used as an outcome measure that improves the quality of care. The SF-36 and RAND-36 were derived from the Medical Outcomes Study.
Objective:
The present study aimed to validate the RAND-36 in Brazil, in healthy individuals and patients with liver disease.
Methods:
Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted by using JASP Software. The parameters of the items were estimated using the Robust Diagonally Weighted Least Squares (RDWLS) approach. Comparative fit index (CFI), Goodness-of-fit index (GFI), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) and the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) were evaluated. Internal consistency was measured using the Composite reliability index. Convergent validity between RAND-36 domains and Work Ability Index (WAI) was conducted.
Results:
This validation study included 763 individuals, 400 (52.4%) with chronic liver disease. The most prevalent liver diseases were hepatitis C (13.9%), alcoholic liver disease (11.8%), and steatosis (12.1%). The measurement model tested using the CFA obtained the following adjustment indicators: X2 (df): 599.65 (498); CFI: 0.998; GFI: 0.998; TLI: 0.998; RMSEA: 0.016 (90%CI: 0.011-.021). Convergent validity of RAND-36 and total WAI ranged from medium to large correlation.
Conclusion:
The RAND-36 is effective in measuring the perception of health-related quality of life in individuals with and without chronic liver disease. The results of our study support the developer's claims for the reliability of the RAND-36 version 1 as a measure of health-related quality of life. The evidence for the construct validity of the RAND-36 was substantial.
Related Concept Videos
Survey Safety
Reliability and Validity
Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System II: Health Perception Pattern
Health Perception Patterns
Health perception patterns offer valuable insights into a patient's lifestyle habits and how they may impact their GI health. These patterns include:
Data Collection by Survey
Assessment of blood pressure in brachial artery(two-step method)
Assessment of blood pressure in brachial artery(one-step method)
Prepare for the Procedure:

