[Novel therapies for chronic myeloid leukemia]

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Oncology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have revolutionized chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment.
• TKI resistance is largely overcome, but adverse events, particularly vascular occlusive diseases with ponatinib, remain a concern.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline the latest advancements in CML therapy for the chronic phase, focusing on patients with prior treatment.
• To discuss dose optimization of ponatinib to balance efficacy and safety.
• To introduce asciminib, a novel TKI with a new mechanism of action.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent clinical studies and therapeutic guidelines.
• Analysis of ponatinib dose optimization trials.
• Evaluation of asciminib's clinical application and mechanism.

Main Results:

• Ponatinib dose optimization has established a regimen balancing risk and benefit.
• Asciminib is now clinically available in Europe and the USA, offering a new treatment avenue.
• Current treatments effectively manage CML in the chronic phase, even with prior therapies.

Conclusions:

• Recent developments in TKIs, including ponatinib dose adjustments and the introduction of asciminib, represent significant progress in CML management.
• Addressing TKI-related adverse events is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.
• The evolving landscape of CML therapy offers more effective and safer options for patients.