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Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
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Hepatic Encephalopathy

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[Acute respiratory viral infections in monkeys].

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Laparoscopic Technique for Serial Collection of Liver and Mesenteric Lymph Nodes in Macaques
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[Enteral viral hepatitis in monkeys].

D I Dogadov1, K K Kyuregyan2, M I Mikhailov3

  • 1FSBRI «Research Institute of Medical Primatology» of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia.

Voprosy Virusologii
|July 14, 2022
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Summary

Primates can contract hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) from various animal sources. Research in monkeys is crucial for understanding these zoonotic viral infections and developing effective treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • * Virology
  • * Zoonotic Diseases
  • * Primate Research

Background:

  • * Recent discoveries reveal numerous viruses genetically related to human hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) in diverse mammalian species, including bats, rodents, and non-human primates.
  • * Zoonotic HEV genotypes have been identified in various animals like wild boars, deer, camels, and rabbits, with related viruses also found in bats, birds, and fish.
  • * Monkeys are significant animal models for studying HAV and HEV, offering insights into viral biology, pathogenesis, and aiding in vaccine and drug development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review and synthesize published data on HAV and HEV circulation in wild and captive primates.
  • * To analyze experimental studies involving HAV and HEV infections in monkeys.
  • * To highlight the importance of primate models in understanding and combating hepatitis virus infections.

Main Methods:

  • * Comprehensive literature search of scientific databases.
  • * Analysis of published research on HAV and HEV in primate populations.
  • * Synthesis of findings from experimental infection studies in monkeys.

Main Results:

  • * Data indicates circulation of HAV and HEV in various primate species.
  • * Experimental studies in monkeys provide valuable information on viral pathogenesis and host response.
  • * Primate models are essential for evaluating the efficacy of potential vaccines and therapeutics against HAV and HEV.

Conclusions:

  • * Primates are susceptible to HAV and HEV, acting as potential reservoirs or hosts.
  • * Understanding viral dynamics in primates is key to preventing zoonotic transmission.
  • * Continued research using primate models is vital for advancing HAV and HEV control strategies.