Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

1.2K
A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
1.2K
Fermi Level01:18

Fermi Level

791
The Fermi-Dirac function is represented by an S-shaped curve indicating the probability of an energy state being occupied by an electron at a given temperature. The Fermi level is the energy level at which there is a fifty percent chance of finding an electron, and it is positioned between the lower-energy valence band and the higher-energy conduction band.
At absolute zero temperature, electrons fill all energy states up to the Fermi level, leaving upper states empty. As the temperature rises,...
791
Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

1.1K
A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
1.1K
Fermi Level Dynamics01:12

Fermi Level Dynamics

336
The vacuum level denotes the energy threshold required for an electron to escape from a material surface. It is usually positioned above the conduction band of a semiconductor and acts as a benchmark for comparing electron energies within various materials.
Electron affinity in semiconductors refers to the energy gap between the minimum of its conduction band and the vacuum level and it is a critical parameter in determining how easily a semiconductor can accept additional electrons.
The work...
336
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

2.5K
Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
2.5K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution01:14

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution

1.1K
Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Intraoperative dexamethasone and risk of postoperative infection after cesarean delivery: a retrospective cohort study.

International journal of obstetric anesthesia·2026
Same author

Reentrant Landau levels in a Dirac topological insulator.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Complete field-induced spectral response of the spin-1/2 triangular-lattice antiferromagnet CsYbSe<sub>2</sub>.

npj quantum materials·2024
Same author

Harrison and Chan Reply.

Physical review letters·2023
Same author

Extraction of Beam-Spin Asymmetries from the Hard Exclusive π^{+} Channel off Protons in a Wide Range of Kinematics.

Physical review letters·2020
Same author

Accuracy of selected neurological clinical tests in diagnosing MRI-detectable forebrain lesion in dogs.

Australian veterinary journal·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 4, 2025

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

9.7K

Magic Gap Ratio for Optimally Robust Fermionic Condensation and Its Implications for High-T_{c} Superconductivity.

N Harrison1, M K Chan1

  • 1National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|July 16, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Researchers found evidence of a Bardeen-Schrieffer-Cooper (BCS) to Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) crossover in cuprates. This crossover occurs at a universal magic gap ratio, indicating optimal robustness for paired fermion condensates.

More Related Videos

Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moir&#233; Superlattice Devices
11:24

Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moiré Superlattice Devices

Published on: July 11, 2025

6.2K
Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
09:06

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Published on: March 24, 2019

8.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 4, 2025

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

9.7K
Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moir&#233; Superlattice Devices
11:24

Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moiré Superlattice Devices

Published on: July 11, 2025

6.2K
Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
09:06

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Published on: March 24, 2019

8.2K

Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Superconductivity
  • Quantum gases

Background:

  • Bardeen-Schrieffer-Cooper (BCS) and Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) represent distinct regimes of fermion pairing.
  • A crossover between BCS and BEC is well-established in cold atomic Fermi gases.
  • The existence of this crossover in high-temperature superconducting cuprates remains an open question.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence of a BCS-BEC crossover in high-temperature superconducting cuprates.
  • To identify universal indicators of this crossover in cuprate systems.
  • To correlate findings with observations in cold atomic Fermi gases.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the universal magic gap ratio (2Δ/k_{B}T_{c}≈6.5) as an indicator of optimal condensate robustness.
  • Measurement of the condensate fraction (N_{0}) and the jump in the fermionic specific heat coefficient (δγ(T_{c})).
  • Correlation of the gap ratio with the antinodal spectroscopic gap and normal state specific heat behavior.

Main Results:

  • Unambiguous evidence for a BCS-BEC crossover in cuprates identified via the magic gap ratio.
  • Strong peaks in condensate fraction (N_{0}) and specific heat jump (δγ(T_{c})) at the magic gap ratio.
  • The antinodal spectroscopic gap corresponds to the pairing gap, and its peak coincides with a normal state pseudogap.

Conclusions:

  • The BCS-BEC crossover is a universal phenomenon present in cuprate superconductors.
  • The magic gap ratio serves as a robust indicator for optimal pairing and condensate formation.
  • Pairing fluctuations above T_{c} contribute to a pseudogap in the normal state of cuprates.