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Hereditary angioedema and thyroid autoimmunity.

M F Muhlemann, K D Macrae, A M Smith

    Journal of Clinical Pathology
    |May 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Patients with hereditary angioedema show a significantly higher prevalence of thyroid antibodies, specifically thyroglobulin antibodies (TGA) and thyroid microsomal antibodies (TMA), compared to the general population.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Endocrinology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by recurrent swelling.
    • The potential association between HAE and autoimmune thyroid disease remains under-explored.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence of thyroid antibodies in patients diagnosed with hereditary angioedema.
    • To compare these findings with established population data.

    Main Methods:

    • Sera from 91 HAE patients were screened for thyroid antibodies.
    • Results from 77 adult HAE patients were compared to the Whickham community study data.
    • Statistical analyses were performed to determine significance.

    Main Results:

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    • Prevalence of thyroglobulin antibodies (TGA) in HAE females was 14.0% (expected 3%, p<0.001).
    • Prevalence of thyroid microsomal antibodies (TMA) in HAE females was 20% (expected 7.6%, p<0.01).
    • Increased antibody prevalence persisted even after adjusting for age and familial relationships.

    Conclusions:

    • Females with hereditary angioedema exhibit a significantly elevated risk of developing thyroid autoimmunity.
    • This suggests a potential link or shared immunological pathways between HAE and autoimmune thyroid disease.