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Levetiracetam-induced gingival hyperplasia.

J James¹, J Jose¹, V A Gafoor¹

¹Department of Neurology, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India.

Journal of Postgraduate Medicine

|July 18, 2022

Summary

Levetiracetam, an antiseizure drug, can cause gingival hyperplasia and oral aphthae. This rare side effect resolved after discontinuing the medication, emphasizing oral care for patients on antiseizure therapies.

Keywords:

Anticonvulsants gingival hyperplasia levetiracetam

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Published on: August 17, 2021

Area of Science:

Pharmacology
Neurology

Background:

Levetiracetam is a novel antiseizure medication targeting synaptic vesicle protein 2A.
Gingival hyperplasia is a known side effect of older antiseizure drugs, but uncommon with newer agents.

Observation:

A 14-year-old male developed gingival swelling and painful oral aphthae five days after initiating levetiracetam for a generalized seizure.
The patient had no lymphadenopathy or systemic symptoms, and blood work was normal.

Findings:

The oral lesions completely resolved within one month of discontinuing levetiracetam.
This case suggests levetiracetam may be associated with gingival hyperplasia and oral aphthae, albeit rarely.

Implications:

Healthcare providers should be aware of potential rare oral side effects of levetiracetam.
Maintaining optimal oral hygiene and regular dental check-ups are crucial for patients using antiseizure medications.