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Understanding genotype-by-environment interactions (GEI) is key for cassava breeding. This study used linear-bilinear models to identify stable clones and define testing environments for improved root quality and yield.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Plant Breeding
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cassava variety advancement is complex due to genotype-by-environment interactions (GEI).
  • Dissecting GEI patterns using models like Finlay-Wilkinson (FW), AMMI, and GGE is crucial for defining target populations of environments (TPEs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify GEI effects for root quality and yield-related traits in 36 elite cassava clones across 11 Nigerian locations over three seasons.
  • To identify stable and high-performing cassava clones for specific environments.

Main Methods:

  • Applied linear-bilinear models: Finlay-Wilkinson (FW), AMMI, and GGE.
  • Analyzed genetic correlation coefficients and heritability estimates.
  • Utilized likelihood ratio tests (LRT) to confirm GEI and model fit.

Main Results:

  • Significant main effects of environment, genotype, and interaction were found for most traits.
  • Identified TMS14F1297P0019 and TMEB419 as stable clones using the FW model.
  • IITA-TMS-IBA000070 and TMS14F1036P0007 ranked highest for combined stability and yield performance.
  • AMMI-2 model identified 6 mega-environments; alternative clustering revealed 3 environment groups.

Conclusions:

  • GEI significantly impacts cassava clone performance for root quality and yield.
  • Specific clones demonstrate superior stability and yield potential.
  • The study provides insights for optimizing cassava breeding strategies and TPE definition.