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Related Concept Videos

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When more than one gene is responsible for a given phenotype, the trait is considered polygenic. Human height is a polygenic trait. Studies have uncovered hundreds of loci that influence height, and there are believed to be many more. Due to the high number of genes involved, as well as environmental and nutritional factors, height varies significantly within a given population. The distribution of height forms a bell-shaped curve, with relatively few individuals in the population at the...
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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
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Polygenic risk score for embryo selection-not ready for prime time.

Alex Polyakov1,2,3, David J Amor4,5, Julian Savulescu6,7,8

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)
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Summary

Polygenic risk scores (PRS) estimate genetic disease risk but have limited data for embryo selection in IVF. Further research and ethical discussions are needed before clinical use.

Keywords:
assisted reproductionembryo selectionethicspolygenic risk scorepreimplantation genetic screening

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Bioethics

Background:

  • Chronic diseases often have a significant hereditary component.
  • Genome-wide association studies quantify genetic contributions, leading to polygenic risk scores (PRS).
  • PRS estimate an individual's risk for developing specific diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of polygenic risk scores (PRS) for embryo selection in in vitro fertilization (IVF).
  • To address concerns regarding the limitations of PRS in this application.
  • To explore the ethical and moral implications of using PRS in preimplantation genetic testing.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current data on PRS application in embryo selection.
  • Analysis of the inherent limitations of PRS as a screening tool.
  • Discussion of ethical and moral considerations.

Main Results:

  • Limited data currently supports the use of PRS for embryo selection in IVF.
  • Concerns exist that PRS limitations make them unsuitable for this screening purpose.
  • Significant ethical and moral questions surrounding this technology remain unaddressed.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is essential to validate the utility and safety of PRS in embryo selection.
  • Extensive ethical reflection is required before offering PRS-based embryo selection to patients.
  • Clinical application outside of research settings is not currently recommended.