Hybrid emulsifier systems: Alkyl imidazolium lactoside surfactants derived from natural resources

A new series of hybrid surfactants comprising an imidazolium as a cation and a disaccharide as a non-ion were synthesized, and their aggregation behavior was also investigated. The synthetic approach used alkylation as an easily accessible route on an imidazole to attempt an economic production followed by coupling with bromoethyl lactoside to form lacto-imidazolium salts surfactants. The coupled surfactants were obtained in almost quantitative yield over several steps. The surfactant surface properties in aqueous media were investigated, including critical micelle concentration (CMC), Krafft temperature, and emulsion stability were studied. The CMC measurements of the alkyl imidazolium lactoside surfactants are significantly lower than normal imidazolium surfactants, while the emulsion investigations encourage the use of alkyl imidazolium lactoside surfactants owing to stabilized assemble behavior as good as APGs.