Macro/Micro-Environment Regulating Carbon-Supported Single-Atom Catalysts for Hydrogen/Oxygen Conversion Reactions.
Juanjuan Huo1,2, Ziyan Shen1, Xianjun Cao1
1Joint International Laboratory on Environmental and Energy Frontier Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
Single-atom catalysts (SACs) on carbon supports show enhanced performance for hydrogen/oxygen reactions by optimizing both the carbon structure (macro-environment) and metal atom coordination (micro-environment). This review details strategies for tuning these environments to boost catalytic efficiency.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Catalysis
Background:
- Single-atom catalysts (SACs) offer maximized atom utilization and high catalytic activity.
- Carbon-supported SACs are extensively studied due to controllable carbon substrate properties.
- Electrochemical performance depends on carbon substrate morphology (macro-environment) and metal coordination (micro-environment).
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively review macro/micro-environment engineering strategies for carbon-supported SACs.
- To highlight applications in efficient hydrogen/oxygen conversion reactions.
Main Methods:
- Summarizing macro-environment engineering: altering surface area and porosity of carbon substrates.
- Discussing micro-environment engineering: regulating atomic and electronic structures of metal centers.
- Analyzing the synergistic effects of macro/micro-environment optimization on catalytic activity.
Main Results:
- Macro-environment strategies enhance mass diffusion kinetics and structural stability.
- Micro-environment strategies boost catalytic performance by optimizing metal center electronic properties.
- Co-optimization of both environments leads to significantly improved hydrogen/oxygen conversion efficiency.
Conclusions:
- Engineering both macro and micro-environments is crucial for developing highly efficient carbon-supported SACs.
- Further research is needed to address challenges and enable practical applications of these advanced catalysts.
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