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P-N junction

P-N junction

A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 4, 2025

In situ Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering on Roll-To-Roll Coating of Organic Solar Cells with Laboratory X-ray Instrumentation

In situ Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering on Roll-To-Roll Coating of Organic Solar Cells with Laboratory X-ray Instrumentation

Published on: March 2, 2021

Recent Advances in Single-Junction Organic Solar Cells.

Huifeng Yao¹, Jianhui Hou^1,2

¹Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)

|July 19, 2022

Summary

Organic solar cells (OSCs) achieve over 19% efficiency through advanced molecular design. This review covers strategies for tuning materials and device performance, alongside current challenges for practical application.

Keywords:

energy loss molecular design organic solar cells power conversion efficiency practical application

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Developing High Performance GaP/Si Heterojunction Solar Cells

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Last Updated: Sep 4, 2025

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Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic–Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer

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Developing High Performance GaP/Si Heterojunction Solar Cells

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Published on: November 16, 2018

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Organic Electronics
Photovoltaics

Background:

Single-junction organic solar cells (OSCs) have seen rapid advancements.
Power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) have surpassed 19% due to material and device innovations.

Purpose of the Study:

To review molecular design strategies for optimizing OSCs.
To discuss recent progress in various OSC architectures.
To highlight challenges for commercializing OSC technology.

Main Methods:

Discuss molecular design principles: absorption spectrum, energy levels, aggregation.
Analyze the impact of molecular electrostatic potential on energy loss.
Categorize and review progress in four key OSC donor:acceptor combinations.

Main Results:

Molecular design significantly impacts OSC performance.
Specific donor:acceptor combinations show promising results.
Key strategies exist to reduce energy loss in OSCs.

Conclusions:

OSCs offer a promising renewable energy technology.
Further research is needed to address cost, stability, and integration challenges.
Molecular engineering remains crucial for advancing OSC efficiency and applicability.