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Meniscus osculation and adsorption on geometrically structured walls.

Martin Pospíšil1, Andrew O Parry2, Alexandr Malijevský1

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A meniscus osculation transition occurs in fluids at structured walls, separating microscopic and mesoscopic adsorption regimes. This transition impacts how fluid interfaces form and behave near surfaces.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Understanding fluid adsorption at structured surfaces is crucial for various applications.
  • Previous studies have explored wetting phenomena but lacked a detailed understanding of meniscus formation at curved interfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the meniscus osculation transition in simple fluids at smoothly structured, completely wet walls.
  • To characterize the order of the transition and its impact on adsorption regimes.
  • To develop a theoretical framework for the transition and validate it with simulations.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of meniscus osculation based on the coincidence of Laplace and geometrical radii of curvature.
  • Development of a scaling theory to describe the rounding of the transition due to thin wetting layers.
  • Microscopic density functional theory simulations for fluid adsorption at a sinusoidally shaped hard wall.

Main Results:

  • A fractional, 7/2 order meniscus osculation transition was identified, separating microscopic (thin wetting layer) and mesoscopic (meniscus) adsorption regimes.
  • Critical exponent relations were derived, describing the scaling of interfacial height with geometrical radius of curvature.
  • Simulations confirmed the transition order and an exact sum rule for the generalized contact theorem.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals distinct adsorption regimes (preosculation, mesoscopic, and post-oscillation) as bulk coexistence is approached.
  • The findings provide a comprehensive understanding of fluid interface behavior at structured surfaces.
  • The theoretical predictions are robustly supported by microscopic simulations.