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Prosthetic joint infections caused by Mycobacterium avium complex: a series of five cases

Katharine Dobos1, Gina A Suh2, Aaron J Tande2

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA.

Journal of Bone and Joint Infection
|July 20, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Prosthetic joint infections caused by Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) are rare. This study details the largest case series to date, offering insights into patient demographics, comorbidities, and clinical outcomes for this uncommon condition.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a serious complication following joint replacement surgery.
  • Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is an opportunistic pathogen rarely implicated in PJI.
  • Limited data exists on the clinical presentation and management of MAC-PJI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the largest case series to date of prosthetic joint infections caused by Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC).
  • To characterize the demographics, comorbidities, and clinical course of patients with MAC-PJI.
  • To provide insights into the management strategies and outcomes for this rare entity.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series analysis.
  • Involved five patients diagnosed with MAC-PJI across two academic institutions.
  • Data collected included patient demographics, comorbidities, surgical history, microbiological findings, treatment regimens, and clinical outcomes.

Main Results:

  • The study describes the demographics and comorbidities of five patients with MAC-PJI.
  • Details the clinical course and management strategies employed for these rare infections.
  • Presents outcomes, contributing to the largest reported series on MAC-PJI.

Conclusions:

  • Prosthetic joint infections due to Mycobacterium avium complex are exceptionally rare, posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
  • This series provides valuable, albeit limited, data on the clinical characteristics and management of MAC-PJI.
  • Further research is warranted to establish definitive guidelines for the optimal treatment of MAC-PJI.

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