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Factors Associated with the Occurrence and Healing of Umbilical Pilonidal Sinus: A Rare Clinical Entity
Arda Isik1, Arkadiusz Peter Wysocki, Ufuk Memiş
1Arda Isik, MD, is Associate Professor, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Erzincan, Turkey. Arkadiusz Peter Wysocki is Deputy Director of General Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Logan Hospital, Meadowbrook, Australia. Ufuk Memiş, MD, is Assistant Professor, Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University. Efe Sezgin, PhD, is Associate Professor, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey. Also at Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Assel Yezhikova, MD, and Yersultan Islambekov, MD, are Residents. The authors have disclosed no financial relationships related to this article. Submitted April 17, 2021; accepted in revised form September 9, 2021.
Objective:
Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of skin that is thought to be related to implanted loose hair. Although PSD is most frequently seen in the sacrococcygeal region, it can also occur at the axilla, perineum, suprapubic regions, hands, and umbilicus. The aim of this project was to find factors influencing the development and treatment of umbilical PSD.
Methods:
In this retrospective study, the authors evaluated 82 patients (19 women, 63 men) with a history of umbilical PSD between 2012 and 2020 to determine predisposing factors and treatment modalities.
Results:
There was a 20% concordance with intergluteal PSD. Smoking was the only modifying factor for recurrence. The three different treatment methods studied (conservative treatment, surgical treatment, silver nitrate) did not differ in recurrence rate (P = .57).
Conclusions:
Because of its rare nature, umbilical PSD can be misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed. Key aspects of treatment include smoking cessation and a conservative approach.
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