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Updated: Sep 4, 2025

Isolation of Human Primary Valve Cells for In vitro Disease Modeling

Isolation of Human Primary Valve Cells for In vitro Disease Modeling

Published on: April 16, 2021

Valve interstitial cells under impact load, a mechanobiology study.

Dylan Goode¹, Ruby Dhaliwal¹, Hadi Mohammadi¹

¹Heart Valve Performance Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada.

Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology

|July 20, 2022

Summary

Heart valve interstitial cells (VICs) show remarkable resistance to impact forces, protected by the leaflet tissue's structure. This study reveals VICs can withstand loads 30x higher than normal physiological conditions.

Keywords:

Cardiovascular mechanics FE modelling cell biomechanics cell mechanobiology valve interstitial cells

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Design of a Cyclic Pressure Bioreactor for the Ex Vivo Study of Aortic Heart Valves

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Published on: August 23, 2011

Area of Science:

Mechanobiology
Biomedical Engineering
Cardiovascular Research

Background:

Understanding valve interstitial cell (VIC) mechanobiology is crucial for heart valve health and disease.
Dynamic loading conditions, especially impact forces, pose significant challenges to VIC viability.
Current knowledge on VIC response to severe dynamic loading is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the mechanobiology of heart valve leaflet tissue and VICs under impact forces.
To assess VIC apoptosis and mechanical stress/strain in VICs under controlled impact loading.
To explore the protective mechanisms of heart valve tissue against excessive mechanical forces.

Main Methods:

Development of novel computational and experimental platforms for studying impact load effects on VICs.
Experimental assessment of porcine aortic VIC apoptosis using TUNEL assay under controlled impact.
Development of a nonlinear finite element (FE) model incorporating anisotropic, hyperelastic, and heterogeneous material properties for heart valve tissue and VICs.

Main Results:

VICs demonstrated resistance to impact loads up to 30 times greater than normal physiological conditions.
Heart valve leaflet tissue structure acts as a mechanical shield, protecting VICs from excessive impact forces.
While overall tissue may experience high stresses, stresses near VICs remain consistently low.

Conclusions:

VICs possess significant resilience to severe dynamic loading, including impact forces.
The structural integrity of heart valve tissue is vital in safeguarding VICs.
Findings support applications in heart valve tissue engineering and advancing understanding of VIC mechanobiology in health and disease.