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Sex Differences in Clinical Outcomes Among Patients With COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Disease　- Insights From the

Shingo Matsumoto1, Satoshi Noda2, Sho Torii2

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Faculty of Medicine Tokyo Japan.

Circulation Reports
|July 21, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Male sex is linked to worse COVID-19 outcomes, especially in older patients with cardiovascular disease and/or risk factors. Men experienced higher in-hospital mortality, an independent predictor after adjusting for key health conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Male sex is associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes.
  • Limited data exists on sex differences in COVID-19 outcomes among patients with cardiovascular disease and/or risk factors (CVDRF).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of sex on in-hospital outcomes for COVID-19 patients with CVDRF.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 693 hospitalized COVID-19 patients with CVDRF from a nationwide registry.
  • Comparison of baseline characteristics and in-hospital outcomes between male and female patient groups.
  • Multivariate regression analysis adjusted for age and major comorbidities.

Main Results:

  • Univariate analysis showed no significant association between sex and in-hospital mortality.
  • Men exhibited higher in-hospital mortality than women, particularly in patients aged 80 years and older.
  • Multivariate analysis identified male sex as an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality (OR 2.20, P=0.008).

Conclusions:

  • Male sex is an independent predictor of higher in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients with CVDRF.
  • The increased mortality risk for men is more pronounced in older individuals (≥80 years).
  • These findings highlight sex-based disparities in COVID-19 severity among patients with cardiovascular risk factors.

Keywords:
COVID-19Cardiovascular diseasesGenderSex

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