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Updated: Sep 3, 2025

Probing the Limits of Egg Recognition Using Egg Rejection Experiments Along Phenotypic Gradients
Published on: August 22, 2018
1H NMR as a simple methodology for differentiating barn and free-range chicken eggs
Pedro Henrique Soares Cardoso1, Enya Silva de Oliveira1, Luciano Morais Lião1
1LabRMN, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-900, Brazil.
Abstract:
The conventional intensive system produces cheap and safe chicken eggs, but exposes the animals to stress due to overcrowding on farms. This work compared the 1HNMR lipidic profile of chicken eggs produced in conventional and free-range systems. Sample preparation consisted of a single-step extraction and centrifugation, and the 1H NMR experimental time was just 3 min per sample. Eggs from free-range chickens had higher concentrations of ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. The ratio between the signals at δ2.85 and 4.14 from bis-allylic polyunsaturated fatty acids and glycerol moiety, respectively, was able to correctly classify 93.8 % of the samples. These results were similar to those of PLS-DA, used for comparative purposes. Therefore, the proposed method could be easily used to assist quality control and fraud prevention in the egg industry. Free-range eggs had higher concentrations of cholesterol but, as they are smaller, similar amounts to conventional ones.
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