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Neutrophilic dermatoses.

J Delaleu¹, C Lepelletier², A Calugareanu³

¹Service de dermatologie, hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France; Inserm u976 "Human Immunology, Pathophysiology and Immunotherapy", université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Inserm u933, "Childhood genetic disorders", service de génétique, Sorbonne université, hôpital Armand-Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France.

La Revue De Medecine Interne

|July 23, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Neutrophilic dermatoses (ND) involve skin inflammation with neutrophil buildup, excluding infection. They stem from immune system overactivation or myeloid cell issues, often linked to underlying conditions.

Keywords:

Dermatose neutrophilique Neutrophilic dermatoses Pyoderma gangrenosum Sweet syndrome Syndrome de Sweet

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Immunology
Internal Medicine

Background:

Neutrophilic dermatoses (ND) are inflammatory skin conditions defined by neutrophil infiltration without infection.
Classification is based on neutrophil location and clinical presentation.
ND pathogenesis involves innate immune system activation or myeloid cell clonal expansion.

Approach:

Review of pathophysiology and classification of major ND types.
Detailed examination of clinical and histopathological features.
Highlighting diagnostic investigations for associated diseases and differential diagnoses.

Key Points:

ND classification relies on neutrophil localization and clinical signs.
Pathways include hereditary immune activation and somatic myeloid cell activation (e.g., VEXAS syndrome).
Many ND patients have underlying conditions like hematologic malignancies or inflammatory diseases.

Conclusions:

ND diagnosis requires excluding infections and considering underlying systemic diseases.
Histopathology and clinical features guide classification and diagnosis.
Appropriate investigations are crucial for identifying associated conditions and ruling out differentials.