Dose distribution for 125I implants due to anisotropic radiation emission and unknown seed orientation

Variations in dose distribution due to anisotropic radiation emission around 125I seeds and a lack of knowledge about the orientation of the implanted seeds have been investigated. Upper and lower bounds for dose distributions have been calculated for planar implants using the experimentally determined angular dose distribution around a typical 125I seed. Results of our study suggest that significant dose variations in the center and the periphery of the implanted area are possible.